Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comprehensive Guide

Arthritis: Juvenile Rheumatoid

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the joints in children. It is the most common type of arthritis in children. JRA can cause pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints. It can also lead to joint damage and disability.

Symptoms of JRA

The symptoms of JRA can vary from child to child. Some children may only have mild symptoms, while others may have more severe symptoms. The most common symptoms of JRA include:

• Pain in the joints
• Swelling in the joints
• Stiffness in the joints
• Warmth to the touch in the joints
• Redness of the skin over the joints
• Loss of range of motion in the joints
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Rash

Types of JRA

There are three main types of JRA:

• Pauciarticular JRA is the most common type of JRA. It affects four or fewer joints.
• Polyarticular JRA affects five or more joints.
• Systemic JRA is the most severe type of JRA. It affects the joints, as well as other organs in the body.

Causes of JRA

The exact cause of JRA is unknown. However, it is thought to be an autoimmune disease. This means that the body’s immune system attacks its own healthy tissues.

Risk Factors for JRA

There are a number of risk factors for JRA, including:

• Family history of JRA
• Certain infections
• Environmental factors

Diagnosis of JRA

There is no single test that can diagnose JRA. Doctors will typically diagnose JRA based on a child’s symptoms and a physical examination. Doctors may also order blood tests and X-rays to help confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment for JRA

There is no cure for JRA, but there are treatments that can help to manage the symptoms and prevent joint damage. Treatments for JRA may include:

• Medication
• Physical therapy
• Occupational therapy
• Surgery

Prognosis for JRA

The prognosis for JRA varies from child to child. Some children may only have mild symptoms, while others may have more severe symptoms that can lead to joint damage and disability. Early diagnosis and treatment can help to improve the prognosis for JRA.

Prevention of JRA

There is no sure way to prevent JRA. However, there are some things that parents can do to reduce their child’s risk of developing JRA, including:

• Avoiding exposure to certain infections
• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Getting regular exercise

If you think your child may have JRA, it is important to see a doctor right away. Early diagnosis and treatment can help to improve the prognosis for JRA.

Additional Resources

• Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Foundation
• National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases